Research from this report finds that grandparents play a vital role in providing childcare, with nearly two thirds of all grandparents with grandchildren under 16 looking after them, and one in five grandmothers providing at least 10 hours a week of childcare. Increases in the state pension mean that grandmothers are under growing pressure to combine childcare with work. An ageing population is likely to increase the number of grandparents with older relatives needing help. One of the consequences of these pressures may be more mothers giving up work because grandmothers are no longer available to provide childcare. Download the full report.